Notebooks

The notebooks in this folder can be executed locally on your machine or on Google Colab (a tool that allows you to run code online). If you run the Notebooks on your own machine, you might ignore the “Colab Initialization” code, but you will have to download the files required by the notebook. If you do run the Notebooks on Colab, you have to execute commands to install the pipeline and download neccessary files, which are the blocks of code followin the “Colab Initialization” header.

Preface

From experience within our lab and with collaborators we have created a set of Notebooks that try to address different aspects of what is generally needed. The Notebooks presented here are to be viewed as “building blocks” for your exploratory projects! We’ve tried to keep the notebooks short and to the point. Often, you will need to grab a thing from here and a thing from there.

From the manuscript

Purpose

Colab

Notebook

Basic Protocol 2 and alternates: use deeploc embeddings produced by the pipeline to plot sequence spaces. This is virtually the same as this pipeline example, but here we can tune the UMAP parameters until we obtain a nice graphic to put in a presentation :) .

Click here

Click here

Basic Protocol 3: train a simple machine learning classifier to predict subcellular localizations training on DeepLoc embeddings.

Click here

Click here

Exploring modules from the bio_embeddings package

Purpose

Colab

Notebook

Use the general purpose embedding objects to embed a sequence passed as string

Click here

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Use Bio to load a FASTA file and the general purpose embedding objects to embed sequences from the file

Click here

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Embed a sequence and extract annotations using supervised models from bio_embeddings.extract. You can achieve the same results using the pipeline like in this example.

Click here

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Embed a sequence and transfer GO annotations using unsupervised techniques found in bio_embeddings.extract (vistually the same as goPredSim). You can achieve the same results using the pipeline like in this example.

Click here

Click here

Proper use cases from collaborations

Purpose

Colab

Notebook

Embed a few sequences and try out different ideas to see if the embeddings are able to cluster different sequences

Click here

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Exploring pipeline output files

Purpose

Colab

Notebook

Open an embedding file, the principal output of a pipeline run

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Use embeddings produced by the pipeline to plot sequence spaces. This is virtually similar to using the project and visualize steps of the pipeline, but in this case, you can change paramteres on the fly in the Notebook. A similar pipeline example here.

Click here

Click here

Use deeploc embeddings produced by the pipeline to plot sequence spaces. This is virtually the same as this pipeline example, but here we can tune the UMAP parameters until we obtain a nice graphic to put in a presentation :) .

Click here

Click here

Analyze embedding sets by studying their similarity and transferring annotations

Click here

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Naïvely plot embeddings to distinguish patterns in your embedded sequences

Click here

Click here

Advanced use cases

Purpose

Colab

Notebook

Train a simple machine learning classifier to predict subcellular localizations training on DeepLoc embeddings.

Click here

Click here

Utilities

Purpose

Colab

Notebook

Re-index an embeddings_file using your original identifiers. Useful when creating reference embedding sets for the unsupervised extract stage

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Remove identifiers from an annotation file, useful when the pipeline suggest you to do so! :)

Click here

Click here

Output files

The h5 files created by the embed and project stages store the embeddings as key-value-pairs (like a python dict). With the defaults, the key is a unique hash of the sequence (md5). If you chose simple_remapping: True instead, it’s the position of the sequence in the fasta file. You can get the original id from the fasta file through the original_id attribute, i.e. with .attrs["original_id"].

import h5py
import numpy

with h5py.File("path/to/file.h5", "r") as file:
    for sequence_id, embedding in file.items():
        print(
            f"id: {sequence_id}, "
            f"original id: {embedding.attrs['original_id']}, "
            f"embeddings mean: {numpy.asarray(embedding).mean()}"
        )

Example with default remapping (simple_remapping: False):

id: 582c3fb2d88b268dc5690ea5397062ef, original id: 153lA00, embeddings mean: 6.362990856170654
id: 70de5a8a1677bbf5c3b29b5becc80410, original id: 16pkA02, embeddings mean: 6.845481872558594
id: 9aa52af02444afd9e69d7a12f6ae7ef4, original id: 16vpA00, embeddings mean: 6.108543872833252

With simple_remapping: True (note that the order is not numerical):

id: 0, original id: Q09165, embeddings mean: -0.00168827164452523
id: 1, original id: Q5VST9-3, embeddings mean: -0.00138779915869236
id: 10, original id: O75592, embeddings mean: -0.0018009127816185355
id: 100, original id: P83741, embeddings mean: -0.0006061643362045288

Additionally, we provide QueryEmbeddingsFile for convenient lookup from the original id.

import h5py
from bio_embeddings.utilities import QueryEmbeddingsFile

with h5py.File("path/to/file.h5", "r") as file:
    embedding_querier = QueryEmbeddingsFile(file)
    print(embedding_querier.query_original_id("Some_Database_ID_1234").mean())